Unit 3 Sections 14 and 15
Libraries and Random Values
- wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/aidenhuynh/CS_Swag/master/_notebooks/2022-11-30-randomvalues.ipynb
- Libraries
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/aidenhuynh/CS_Swag/master/_notebooks/2022-11-30-randomvalues.ipynb
Libraries
- A library is a collection of precompiled codes that can be used later on in a program for some specific well-defined operations.
- These precompiled codes can be referred to as modules. Each module contains bundles of code that can be used repeatedly in different programs.
- A library may also contain documentation, configuration data, message templates, classes, and values, etc.
Why are libraries important?
- Using Libraries makes Python Programming simpler and convenient for the programmer.
- One example would be through looping and iteration, as we don’t need to write the same code again and again for different programs.
- Python libraries play a very vital role in fields of Machine Learning, Data Science, Data Visualization, etc.
A few libraries that simplify coding processes:
- Pillow allows you to work with images.
- Tensor Flow helps with data automation and monitors performance.
- Matplotlib allows you to make 2D graphs and plots.
The AP Exam Refrence Sheet itself is a library!
Hacks:
Research two other Python Libraries NOT DISCUSSED DURING LESSON and make a markdown post, explaining their function and how it helps programmers code. Time, random, flask, pygame.
API’s
- An Application Program Interface, or API, contains specific direction for how the procedures in a library behave and can be used.
- An API acts as a gateway for the imported procedures from a library to interact with the rest of your code.
Activity: Walkthrough with NumPy
- Install NumPy on VSCode:
- Open New Terminal In VSCode:
- pip3 install --upgrade pip
- pip install numpy
REMEMBER: When running library code cells use Python Interpreter Conda (Version 3.9.12)
Example of using NumPy for arrays:
import numpy as np
new_matrix = np.array([[1, 2, 3],[4, 5, 6],[7, 8, 9]])
print (new_matrix)
import numpy as np
# defining polynomial function
var = np.poly1d([2, 0, 1])
print("Polynomial function, f(x):\n", var)
# calculating the derivative
derivative = var.deriv()
print("Derivative, f(x)'=", derivative)
# calculates the derivative of after
# given value of x
print("When x=5 f(x)'=", derivative(5))
Random Values
- Random number generation (RNG) produces a random number (crazy right?)
- This means that a procedure with RNG can return different values even if the parameters (inputs) do not change
- CollegeBoard uses
RANDOM(A, B), to return an integer between integersAandB.- RANDOM(1, 10) can output 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10
- In Python, this would be
random.randint(A, B), after importing Python's "random" library (import random) - JavaScript's works a little differently, with
Math.random()returning a value between 0 and 1.- To match Python and CollegeBoard, you could make a procedure like this
CollegeBoard Example: What is the possible range of values for answ3
import random # Fill in the blank
def Dice(n):
n = n.replace(' ', '')
n = n.replace('k', '000')
n = n.replace('m', '000'*2)
n = n.replace('b', '000'*3)
rol = " "*int(n)
rolls = []
for k in rol:
rolls.append(random.randrange(0,7))
print(sum(rolls)/len(rolls))
Dice(input()) # Will output a range of __ to __
Homework
-
Write a procedure that generates n random numbers, then sorts those numbers into lists of even and odd numbers (JS or Python, Python will be easier).
-
Using NumPy and only coding in python cell, find the answer to the following questions: a. What is the derivative of 2x^5 - 6x^2 + 24x? b. What is the derivative of (13x^4 + 4x^2) / 2 when x = 9?
-
Suppose you have a group of 10 dogs and 10 cats, and you want to create a random order for them. Show how random number generation could be used to create this random order.
import random, time, sys
def Dice(n):
n = n.replace(' ', '')
n = n.replace('k', '000')
n = n.replace('m', '000'*2)
n = n.replace('b', '000'*3)
print(n)
rol = " "*int(n)
rolls = []
even = []
odd = []
for k in rol:
rolls.append(random.randint(-0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff,0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff))
for j in rolls:
if (j %2 == 0):
even.append(j)
else:
odd.append(j)
print("Even total: ",len(even))
print("odd total: ",len(odd))
if len(even) < len(odd):
print((1 - (len(even)/len(odd))) * 100, "% Off predicted odds")
else:
print((1 - (len(odd)/len(even))) * 100, "% Off predicted odds")
Dice(input())
import random, time, sys
def Dice(n):
n = n.replace(' ', '')
n = n.replace('k', '000')
n = n.replace('m', '000'*2)
n = n.replace('b', '000'*3)
print(n)
rol = " "*int(n)
even = 0
odd = 0
for k in rol:
if (random.randint(0,1)) == 1:
odd = odd + 1
else:
even = even + 1
print("Even total: ",even)
print("odd total: ",odd)
if even < odd:
print((1 - (even/odd)) * 100, "% Off predicted odds")
else:
print((1 - (odd/even)) * 100, "% Off predicted odds")
Dice(input())